“Closed loop” is not a complete water answer.

This dataset keeps cooling method, recirculation, evaporation, source water and measurement type separate. Sparse evidence remains sparse.

Schema: 0.1Last reviewed: 10 September 2026Download JSON

Project	Cooling architecture	Water source	What is quantified	Evidence state	Primary source
Microsoft QuincyQuincy, Washington	Evaporative cooling with a city-operated, closed-loop blowdown treatment and recirculation systemGovernment-documented operation	Recycled cooling water; canal water for make-up; about 5% potable groundwater make-up annuallyGovernment-documented mix	EPA estimate: 138M gal/year potable-water savings; 260M gal/year canal make-upEstimated savings + reported flow; not total consumption	Supported as deliveredConfidence: High	US EPA case studygovernment case study · published 2023
Microsoft Mount PleasantMount Pleasant, Wisconsin	Company says site will pilot closed-loop chip-level liquid cooling with no water evaporation for coolingCompany-announced design	Initial system fill; other site water uses not quantified in reviewed disclosureCompany design description	Microsoft identified a 2026 pilot; the same disclosure says new sites begin online in late 2027Milestones announced; no operating result verified	AnnouncedConfidence: Medium	Microsoft design disclosurecompany announcement · published 2024-12-09
Google The DallesThe Dalles, Oregon	Not established in the reviewed primary sourceNot verifiable	Site-specific cooling source not established; separate aquifer storage project transferred to cityCooling source not verifiable	Google says the city received 100M+ gallons/year of additional stored-water capacityCompany-reported community capacity; not data-center consumption	Mixed evidenceConfidence: Medium	Google project announcementcompany announcement · published 2025-10-22
AWS New CarlisleSt. Joseph County, Indiana	AWS says the site uses outside air for cooling about 98% of the yearCompany operating/design claim; multi-site cluster	Not disclosed in the reviewed sourceNot verifiable	Approximately 18M gal/year at full buildoutCompany projection; not permitted or measured consumption	Announced projectionConfidence: Medium	AWS economic-development accountAWS-authored opinion hosted by Chamber · published 2026-07-09
Google Fort WayneFort Wayne, Indiana	Not disclosed in the reviewed utility orderNot verifiable	Not disclosed in the reviewed utility orderNot verifiable	No water metric in the reviewed order; it confirms the site was energized in November 2024Water quantity not verifiable	Not verifiableConfidence: Low	Indiana IURC order 46276utility commission final order · published 2026-04-29
Meta JeffersonvilleJeffersonville, Indiana	Not established in the reviewed project announcementNot verifiable	Not established in the reviewed project announcementNot verifiable	No permitted or measured water quantity established in the reviewed sourceNot verifiable	Not verifiableConfidence: Low	Meta project announcementcompany announcement · published 2024-01

This is a research sample, not a comprehensive inventory. Site-level cooling evidence is often absent from announcements and utility orders.

Field definitions

Cooling architecture

The heat-removal system we can support from the cited source: air-side economization, adiabatic/evaporative cooling, mechanical chilling, direct-to-chip liquid cooling or a combination.

Closed-loop

Always qualified. A server loop, facility water loop and municipal wastewater loop are different boundaries. A loop can recirculate and still require make-up water.

Water source

Potable groundwater, untreated surface water, reclaimed municipal water and recycled industrial water are recorded separately.

Quantity type

Permitted withdrawal, purchased volume, metered use, consumption, discharge, make-up flow and estimated savings are not interchangeable.

Why Quincy is usefulEPA reports an operating circular system, four-to-five cooling cycles, evaporative losses, 260 million gallons of annual canal make-up, approximately 5% potable make-up and an estimated 138 million gallons of potable savings. One source supports several distinct fields without pretending they are total consumption.