{
  "schema_version": "0.1",
  "last_reviewed": "2026-09-10",
  "method_note": "Unknown means the reviewed primary sources did not establish the field. It does not mean zero, absent, or noncompliant.",
  "projects": [
    {
      "id": "microsoft-quincy",
      "name": "Microsoft Quincy",
      "place": "Quincy, Washington",
      "operator": "Microsoft",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "Evaporative cooling with a city-operated, closed-loop blowdown treatment and recirculation system", "status": "Government-documented operation", "scope": "QWRU-connected Microsoft campus"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Recycled cooling water; canal water for make-up; about 5% potable groundwater make-up annually", "status": "Government-documented mix", "scope": "QWRU make-up water"},
        "quantity": {"value": "EPA estimate: 138M gal/year potable-water savings; 260M gal/year canal make-up", "status": "Estimated savings + reported flow; not total consumption", "quantity_type": "avoided potable use and make-up supply", "period": "annual"},
        "overall_status": "Supported as delivered",
        "confidence": "High",
        "source": {"label": "US EPA case study", "kind": "government case study", "published": "2023", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://www.epa.gov/waterreuse/water-reuse-case-study-quincy-washington"}
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "microsoft-mount-pleasant",
      "name": "Microsoft Mount Pleasant",
      "place": "Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin",
      "operator": "Microsoft",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "Company says site will pilot closed-loop chip-level liquid cooling with no water evaporation for cooling", "status": "Company-announced design", "scope": "Mount Pleasant pilot"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Initial system fill; other site water uses not quantified in reviewed disclosure", "status": "Company design description", "scope": "cooling loop only"},
        "quantity": {"value": "Microsoft identified a 2026 pilot; the same disclosure says new sites begin online in late 2027", "status": "Milestones announced; no operating result verified", "quantity_type": "design milestone", "period": "2026 and late 2027"},
        "overall_status": "Announced",
        "confidence": "Medium",
        "source": {"label": "Microsoft design disclosure", "kind": "company announcement", "published": "2024-12-09", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-cloud/blog/2024/12/09/sustainable-by-design-next-generation-datacenters-consume-zero-water-for-cooling/"}
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "google-the-dalles",
      "name": "Google The Dalles",
      "place": "The Dalles, Oregon",
      "operator": "Google",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "Not established in the reviewed primary source", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "data-center cooling"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Site-specific cooling source not established; separate aquifer storage project transferred to city", "status": "Cooling source not verifiable", "scope": "site vs. city project kept separate"},
        "quantity": {"value": "Google says the city received 100M+ gallons/year of additional stored-water capacity", "status": "Company-reported community capacity; not data-center consumption", "quantity_type": "stored-water capacity", "period": "annual"},
        "overall_status": "Mixed evidence",
        "confidence": "Medium",
        "source": {"label": "Google project announcement", "kind": "company announcement", "published": "2025-10-22", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://blog.google/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/sustainability/the-dalles-oregon-water/"}
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "aws-new-carlisle",
      "name": "AWS New Carlisle",
      "place": "St. Joseph County, Indiana",
      "operator": "Amazon Web Services",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "AWS says the site uses outside air for cooling about 98% of the year", "status": "Company operating/design claim; site is part of a multi-site cluster", "scope": "New Carlisle Project Rainier site"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Not disclosed in the reviewed source", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "campus water"},
        "quantity": {"value": "Approximately 18M gal/year at full buildout", "status": "Company projection; not permitted or measured consumption", "quantity_type": "full-buildout estimate", "period": "annual projection"},
        "overall_status": "Announced projection",
        "confidence": "Medium",
        "source": {"label": "AWS economic-development account", "kind": "AWS-authored opinion hosted by the South Bend Regional Chamber", "published": "2026-07-09", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://www.sbrchamber.com/news/2026/07/09/default/amazon-s-investment-is-building-lasting-opportunity-for-st.-joseph-county/"}
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "google-fort-wayne",
      "name": "Google Fort Wayne",
      "place": "Fort Wayne, Indiana",
      "operator": "Google",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "Not disclosed in the reviewed utility order", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "site cooling"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Not disclosed in the reviewed utility order", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "site water"},
        "quantity": {"value": "No water metric in the reviewed order; it confirms the site was energized in November 2024", "status": "Water quantity not verifiable", "quantity_type": "none established", "period": "none established"},
        "overall_status": "Not verifiable",
        "confidence": "Low",
        "source": {"label": "Indiana IURC order 46276", "kind": "utility commission final order", "published": "2026-04-29", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://www.in.gov/iurc/files/ord_46276_042926.pdf"}
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "meta-jeffersonville",
      "name": "Meta Jeffersonville",
      "place": "Jeffersonville, Indiana",
      "operator": "Meta",
      "cooling": {
        "architecture": {"value": "Not established in the reviewed project announcement", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "campus cooling"},
        "water_source": {"value": "Not established in the reviewed project announcement", "status": "Not verifiable", "scope": "campus water"},
        "quantity": {"value": "No permitted or measured water quantity established in the reviewed source", "status": "Not verifiable", "quantity_type": "none established", "period": "none established"},
        "overall_status": "Not verifiable",
        "confidence": "Low",
        "source": {"label": "Meta project announcement", "kind": "company announcement", "published": "2024-01", "retrieved": "2026-09-10", "url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2024/01/hello-jeffersonville/"}
      }
    }
  ]
}